What is the standard UK VAT rate?

The standard UK VAT rate is 20%, applied to most goods and services. A reduced rate of 5% applies to certain items such as domestic energy, children's car seats, and some health products. A zero rate (0%) applies to food, children's clothing, books, and public transport, among others.

How do I add VAT to a price?

Multiply the net (ex-VAT) price by the VAT rate fraction and add it to the net price. For 20%: gross = net × 1.20. For 5%: gross = net × 1.05. This calculator does that arithmetic for you.

How do I remove VAT from a price?

Divide the gross (VAT-inclusive) price by the rate factor. For 20%: net = gross ÷ 1.20. For 5%: net = gross ÷ 1.05. The VAT amount is the difference between gross and net.

What is the difference between VAT-inclusive and VAT-exclusive?

A VAT-exclusive (net) price does not include VAT — you must add VAT on top. A VAT-inclusive (gross) price already contains the VAT element. Businesses typically quote net prices to other VAT-registered businesses and gross prices to consumers.

Is this calculator accurate for UK VAT returns?

Yes, the calculations follow HMRC's standard VAT arithmetic. However, for official VAT returns always cross-check with your accountant or HMRC guidance, as rounding rules and partial exemptions can affect the final figures.

UK VAT Calculator

Name: UK VAT Calculator
Availability: InStock
Author: Nham Vu

Add or remove UK VAT at 20%, 5%, or 0% from any price and see an instant breakdown.

VAT Calculator

Mode

Add VAT Remove VAT

VAT Rate

Net Amount (ex-VAT)

Enter an amount on the left to see the VAT breakdown.

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Summary

Add or remove UK VAT at 20%, 5%, or 0% from any price and see an instant breakdown.

How it works

Choose whether you want to add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price.
Select the VAT rate: standard (20%), reduced (5%), or zero (0%).
Enter the price in pounds.
The calculator instantly shows the net amount, VAT amount, and gross amount.
Click "Copy Result" to copy the breakdown to your clipboard.

Use cases

Check the VAT amount on a business invoice before sending.
Find the net price when only the VAT-inclusive total is known.
Verify a supplier quote includes the correct VAT rate.
Calculate VAT for reduced-rate goods such as home energy or children's car seats.
Work out reclaim amounts when filing a VAT return.
Convert between ex-VAT and inc-VAT prices for quotes or budgets.
Confirm the correct VAT treatment for zero-rated sales.
Double-check retail prices when accounting for VAT on expenses.

Frequently Asked Questions

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Last updated: 2026-05-23 · Reviewed by Nham Vu