Specific Gravity Calculator
Calculate specific gravity from density, or find a substance density from its specific gravity. Works in kg/m³, g/cm³, and g/mL.
Use the Specific Gravity Calculator
Specific Gravity Calculator
Reference: water = 1 g/cm³ at 4 °C
Enter a value and click Calculate
Specific Gravity
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01 (water)510+
Common Specific Gravities
| Substance | SG | kg/m³ |
|---|---|---|
| Ice (0 °C) | 0.917 | 917 |
| Water (4 °C) | 1.000 | 1,000 |
| Seawater | 1.025 | 1,025 |
| Ethanol | 0.789 | 789 |
| Olive oil | 0.910 | 910 |
| Concrete | 2.300 | 2,300 |
| Aluminum | 2.700 | 2,700 |
| Iron | 7.874 | 7,874 |
| Mercury | 13.600 | 13,600 |
| Gold | 19.320 | 19,320 |
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Summary
Specific gravity (SG) is the ratio of a substance's density to the density of pure water at 4 °C (1000 kg/m³ or 1 g/cm³). A value above 1 means the substance is denser than water; below 1 means it floats. This calculator works in both directions: enter a density to get SG, or enter an SG to get density.
How it works
- Select the calculation direction: Density → SG or SG → Density.
- Choose your preferred unit (kg/m³, g/cm³, or g/mL).
- Enter the known value and click Calculate.
- Read the result and copy it if needed.
Use cases
- Determine whether a liquid will float or sink in water.
- Convert between density and specific gravity for lab reports.
- Check fuel or coolant quality in automotive applications.
- Calculate buoyancy and fluid behavior in engineering.
- Verify battery electrolyte concentration using a hydrometer reading.
Frequently Asked Questions
Last updated: 2026-05-23 · Reviewed by Nham Vu