What is the ITE Trip Generation Manual?

The ITE (Institute of Transportation Engineers) Trip Generation Manual is the industry-standard reference that provides empirically derived equations and average rates for estimating vehicle trips produced by various land uses. It is based on thousands of trip-count studies across North America. The 11th Edition was published in 2021 and the 12th Edition in August 2025.

Which rates does this tool fill in?

Weekday average rates from the ITE Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition, for the general urban/suburban setting and the peak hour of adjacent street traffic (one hour between 7–9 AM and 4–6 PM), as republished in Palm Beach County's public trip generation table updated July 2022. Single-family 210 uses the ITE average of 9.43 daily trips per dwelling unit (the county table rounds to 10). They are averages, not fitted equations, and every field can be overwritten.

Should I use 11th or 12th Edition rates?

Use the edition your reviewing agency requires. ITE released the 12th Edition in August 2025 with data from over 550 new sites and new land-use classes, and agencies adopt it on their own schedules, so many still require 11th Edition values. This tool does not include 12th Edition data; enter those rates from your licensed TripGen access if your agency has adopted it.

What is the independent variable (IV)?

Each ITE land use has a specific size metric used in the rates and regression equations, called the independent variable. Residential uses usually use dwelling units (DU); retail, office and industrial use gross floor area in 1,000 sq ft (KSF); schools use students, hotels rooms, golf courses holes and nursing homes beds. The tool labels the unit for each selected land use.

What are pass-by trips?

Pass-by trips are made by drivers already on the adjacent street who stop on the way, such as a commuter stopping at a coffee shop. They still use the site driveways but add no new traffic to the wider network. Net new trips = total trips × (1 − pass-by %). Pass-by rates come from the ITE Trip Generation Handbook or the reviewing agency; the sample values filled here are Palm Beach County's adopted percentages.

When should I use the fitted equation instead of the average rate?

ITE's Trip Generation Handbook recommends the fitted-curve equation when it has an R² of at least 0.75, is based on 20 or more studies and the site size falls inside the data range, or when the average rate's standard deviation is high. Average rates work best when the data points cluster tightly. This tool multiplies average rates; if your study requires the equation, compute its result and enter the equivalent rate (trips ÷ size).

Are these figures exact or estimates?

They are preliminary estimates based only on the size, rates, splits and pass-by share in the form. Actual trip generation varies with transit access, mixed-use internal capture, parking pricing and local conditions. A licensed traffic engineer should confirm figures for formal permit submissions.

Is this the ITE TripGen web app?

No. ITE provides its own licensed TripGen web app with full data plots, equations and statistics. This independent estimator only multiplies the size, rates, directional splits and pass-by share shown, so you can check or document a calculation outside that app.

What does the directional split mean?

Directional split describes the share of trips entering versus exiting the site during a peak hour. Single-family homes are about 26% entering in the AM peak (residents leaving for work) and 63% entering in the PM peak; offices are the reverse, about 88% entering in the AM peak.

Trip Generation Estimator

Pick an ITE land-use code, enter the development size and the tool fills sample ITE 11th Edition average weekday rates and entering splits where a public agency table republishes them. Override any rate with your licensed manual, agency table or local study, add a pass-by percentage, then copy daily, AM and PM trips in and out.

Trips = rate × independent variable (dwelling units, 1,000 sq ft, students).

Land Use Parameters

Land Use Group

Land Use Code (ITE)

Size / Intensity

Daily rate

AM peak rate

PM peak rate

Trips per independent-variable unit. Sample ITE 11th Edition average rates fill in where available; replace them with the values your agency requires.

AM entering (%)

PM entering (%)

Pass-by (%)

Rate source / edition (recommended)

Select a land use and enter its size to see trip estimates.

Daily Trips

—

vehicles/day

AM Peak

—

vehicles/hour

PM Peak

—

vehicles/hour

Directional Split & Net New Trips

Period	Entering	Exiting	Total	Pass-by	Net new

Trip Volume Comparison

Preliminary multiplication of the displayed size by average rates. This is not ITE TripGen and does not apply fitted equations, data-range checks or descriptive statistics. Verify inputs in the official ITE resource or the table your reviewing agency adopts.

Privacy: all entries and calculations stay in this browser; this tool sends no project size, rates or source note to a server.

ITE 11th Edition Average Trip Rates for Common Land Uses

Weekday, general urban/suburban, peak hour of adjacent street traffic, as republished in Palm Beach County's trip generation table (updated July 25, 2022). Pass-by shares are that county's adopted values. Use the edition and source your agency requires; ITE released the 12th Edition in August 2025.

Code	Land use	Per	Daily	AM (in %)	PM (in %)	Pass-by
210	Single-Family Detached Housing	dwelling units	9.43	0.70 (26)	0.94 (63)	—
220	Multifamily Housing (Low-Rise, 1–3 floors)	dwelling units	6.74	0.40 (24)	0.51 (63)	—
221	Multifamily Housing (Mid-Rise, 4–10 floors)	dwelling units	4.54	0.37 (23)	0.39 (61)	—
251	Senior Adult Housing – Single-Family	dwelling units	4.31	0.24 (33)	0.30 (61)	—
252	Senior Adult Housing – Multifamily	dwelling units	3.24	0.20 (34)	0.25 (56)	—
254	Assisted Living	beds	2.60	0.18 (60)	0.24 (39)	—
310	Hotel	rooms	7.99	0.46 (56)	0.59 (51)	—
820	Shopping Center (>150k sq ft)	1,000 sq ft GLA	37.01	0.84 (62)	3.40 (48)	24%
821	Shopping Plaza (40–150k sq ft, no supermarket)	1,000 sq ft GLA	67.52	1.73 (62)	5.19 (49)	39%
822	Strip Retail Plaza (<40k sq ft)	1,000 sq ft GLA	54.45	2.36 (60)	6.59 (50)	63%
840	Automobile Sales (New)	1,000 sq ft GFA	27.84	1.86 (73)	2.42 (40)	15%
850	Supermarket	1,000 sq ft GFA	93.84	2.86 (59)	8.95 (50)	36%
881	Pharmacy / Drugstore with Drive-Through	1,000 sq ft GFA	108.40	3.74 (52)	10.25 (50)	50%
912	Drive-in Bank	1,000 sq ft GFA	100.35	9.95 (58)	21.01 (50)	47%
931	Fine Dining Restaurant	1,000 sq ft GFA	83.84	0.73 (50)	7.80 (67)	44%
932	High-Turnover (Sit-Down) Restaurant	1,000 sq ft GFA	107.20	9.57 (55)	9.05 (61)	43%
933	Fast-Food Restaurant without Drive-Through	1,000 sq ft GFA	450.49	43.18 (58)	33.21 (50)	45%
934	Fast-Food Restaurant with Drive-Through	1,000 sq ft GFA	467.48	44.61 (51)	33.03 (52)	49%
937	Coffee/Donut Shop with Drive-Through	1,000 sq ft GFA	533.57	85.88 (51)	38.99 (50)	49%
710	General Office Building (10k–250k sq ft)	1,000 sq ft GFA	10.84	1.52 (88)	1.44 (17)	—
712	Small Office Building (≤10k sq ft)	1,000 sq ft GFA	14.39	1.67 (82)	2.16 (34)	—
720	Medical-Dental Office (near hospital)	1,000 sq ft GFA	31.86	2.68 (81)	2.84 (25)	—
730	Government Office Building	1,000 sq ft GFA	22.59	3.34 (75)	1.71 (25)	—
110	General Light Industrial	1,000 sq ft GFA	4.87	0.74 (88)	0.65 (14)	—
140	Manufacturing	1,000 sq ft GFA	4.75	0.68 (76)	0.74 (31)	—
150	Warehousing	1,000 sq ft GFA	1.71	0.17 (77)	0.18 (28)	—
151	Mini-Warehouse (Self-Storage)	1,000 sq ft GFA	1.45	0.09 (59)	0.15 (47)	—
520	Elementary School	students	2.27	0.74 (54)	0.16 (46)	—
522	Middle School / Junior High School	students	2.10	0.67 (54)	0.15 (48)	—
525	High School	students	1.94	0.52 (68)	0.14 (48)	—
560	Church	1,000 sq ft GFA	7.60	0.32 (62)	0.49 (44)	—
565	Day Care Center	students	4.09	0.78 (53)	0.79 (47)	—
610	Hospital	1,000 sq ft GFA	10.77	0.82 (67)	0.86 (35)	—
620	Nursing Home	beds	3.06	0.14 (72)	0.14 (33)	—
430	Golf Course	holes	30.38	1.76 (79)	2.91 (53)	—
492	Health / Fitness Club	1,000 sq ft GFA	32.93	1.31 (51)	3.45 (57)	—

Quick answer

Trips = rate × independent variable (dwelling units, 1,000 sq ft, students). With the ITE 11th Edition average rates for single-family homes (code 210: 9.43 daily, 0.70 AM, 0.94 PM per dwelling unit), 120 homes generate about 1,132 daily trips, 84 in the AM peak hour (22 in, 62 out) and 113 in the PM peak hour (71 in, 42 out).

Examples

ITE 11th Ed. land use	Daily	AM peak	PM peak
210 Single-family detached (per DU)	9.43	0.70	0.94
220 Multifamily low-rise (per DU)	6.74	0.40	0.51
710 General office (per 1,000 sq ft)	10.84	1.52	1.44
820 Shopping center >150k sq ft (per 1,000 sq ft)	37.01	0.84	3.40

Choose a land use, enter its size and adjust rates, splits and pass-by to get trips in and out, then copy the summary.

Summary

This preliminary estimator multiplies a development size or intensity measure by daily, AM-peak and PM-peak trip rates and splits each peak hour into entering and exiting volumes, with an optional pass-by reduction for net new trips. Sample weekday average rates from the ITE Trip Generation Manual, 11th Edition (general urban/suburban, peak hour of adjacent street traffic), as republished in a public agency table, are filled for common land-use codes. Verify every definition, rate, analysis period and directional split against the edition and source your reviewing agency requires.

How it works

Select a land-use group and an ITE land-use code (11th Edition numbering).
Enter the independent variable shown for that code — dwelling units, 1,000 sq ft of gross floor area, students, beds, rooms or holes.
Where a public agency table republishes ITE 11th Edition average rates, they are filled in with entering percentages; replace them with values from your licensed manual, adopted agency table or local study when required.
Optionally enter a pass-by percentage for retail and restaurant uses to separate net new trips from pass-by trips already on the adjacent street.
Daily, AM peak-hour and PM peak-hour trips, entering and exiting volumes and net new trips are displayed instantly and can be copied.

Use cases

Traffic impact studies for development applications.
Preliminary site planning to gauge infrastructure needs.
Rezoning analysis to compare trip generation between land use alternatives.
Estimating net new trips for retail after pass-by reductions.
Quick sanity-checks on consultant-prepared trip generation tables.
Class exercises and self-study for civil engineering students.

Frequently Asked Questions

Last updated: 2026-10-09 · Reviewed by Nham Vu