What is the capital of Egypt?

Cairo (Al-Qahirah) is the capital and largest city of Egypt. It is also the largest city in Africa and the Arab world by population.

What is the population of Egypt?

Egypt's population is approximately 105–107 million people (2024 estimate), making it the most populous country in North Africa and the Arab world.

What currency does Egypt use?

Egypt uses the Egyptian Pound (EGP), abbreviated as LE (from the French "Livre Égyptienne"). The pound is divided into 100 piastres.

What language is spoken in Egypt?

Modern Standard Arabic is the official language. Egyptian Arabic (Masri) is the most widely spoken dialect in everyday life and is understood across the Arab world through media.

What type of government does Egypt have?

Egypt is a semi-presidential republic where executive authority is shared between the President as head of state and the Prime Minister as head of government under the 2014 constitution.

Where is Egypt located?

Egypt spans northeastern Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in Asia. It borders Libya to the west, Sudan to the south, the Red Sea to the east, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north.

Egypt Country Facts

Instant reference for key facts about Egypt — capital, population, area, currency, language, government, and more.

Overview

Official Name

Arab Republic of Egypt

Capital

Cairo (Al-Qahirah)

Continent

Africa (+ Sinai Peninsula in Asia)

Region

Northern Africa / Middle East

Country Code

EG / EGY

Calling Code

+20

Geography

Total Area

1,002,450 km² (387,048 sq mi)

Rank by Area

30th largest country in the world

Borders

Libya (W), Sudan (S), Israel & Gaza (NE)

Coastline

Mediterranean Sea (N), Red Sea (E)

Highest Point

Mount Catherine — 2,629 m (8,625 ft)

Major River

The Nile (world's longest river)

Climate

Hot desert (BWh) — arid, sparse rainfall

Time Zone

EET (UTC+2) / EEST (UTC+3 in summer)

Coordinates (approx. center)

26° N, 30° E

People & Language

Population

~105–107 million (2024 est.)

Population Rank

14th most populous country

Official Language

Modern Standard Arabic

Widely Spoken Dialect

Egyptian Arabic (Masri)

Major Religion(s)

Islam (~90%), Christianity (~10%)

Demonym

Egyptian

Government

Government Type

Presidential republic

Current Constitution

Adopted January 2014

Legislature

Bicameral Parliament (Senate + House)

Independence

February 28, 1922 (from UK)

Republic Declared

June 18, 1953

UN Member Since

1945 (founding member)

Economy

Currency

Egyptian Pound (EGP / LE)

GDP (nominal)

~$395 billion USD (2023 est.)

GDP per Capita

~$3,700 USD (2023 est.)

Key Industries

Tourism, hydrocarbons, textiles, Suez Canal

Internet TLD

.eg / .مصر

Driving Side

Right

Summary

Egypt is a transcontinental country spanning northeastern Africa and the Sinai Peninsula in western Asia. It is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations and is officially known as the Arab Republic of Egypt. This page consolidates essential facts — from geography and demographics to government and economy — into a single quick-reference view.

How it works

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Use cases

Students researching Egypt for school or university assignments.
Travelers planning a trip and wanting a quick country overview.
Quiz participants brushing up on world geography.
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Trivia enthusiasts checking facts about Egypt.

Frequently Asked Questions

Last updated: 2026-06-11 · Reviewed by Nham Vu